Estrategias preventivas frente a la caries de los primeros molares permanentes en niños de seis años en el primer nivel de atención sanitaria: revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69639/arandu.v13i3.2551Palabras clave:
caries dental, primeros molares permanentes, prevención, atención primaria de salud, revisión sistemáticaResumen
La caries dental en los primeros molares permanentes constituye uno de los principales problemas de salud bucal durante la infancia debido a su elevada prevalencia y a las repercusiones funcionales que ocasiona cuando no se implementan medidas preventivas oportunas. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue sintetizar la evidencia científica sobre las estrategias preventivas frente a la caries en los primeros molares permanentes de niños de seis años en el contexto del primer nivel de atención sanitaria. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos PubMed y ScienceDirect utilizando descriptores MeSH y DeCS relacionados con caries dental, primeros molares permanentes, prevención y atención primaria de salud. La búsqueda identificó 139 estudios, de los cuales 22 estudios cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y fueron analizados. La evidencia analizada mostró resultados favorables para los sellantes de fosas y fisuras, el barniz de flúor y el diamino fluoruro de plata como estrategias para la prevención y el control de la caries en los primeros molares permanentes. Asimismo, los estudios destacan la importancia de implementar estas intervenciones desde la atención primaria, acompañadas de programas de educación para la salud bucal y controles periódicos. Se concluye que la aplicación temprana de estrategias preventivas basadas en evidencia favorece la conservación de los primeros molares permanentes y contribuye a disminuir la carga de caries durante la infancia.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Mario Luis Centeno Ibarra
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
